Monday, October 26, 2015

Screaming Jenny

Hi folks! 

Just a few days for Halloween and in order to get ready for the "scariest" day of the year, here I bring you a ghost story to read. Before that, some tips for reading that you may find useful when dealing with an English text. When reading in English,  you should remember that:  
  • You do not need to understand every single word
What you should do instead is: 
  • Guess the meaning of unknown words by the context. In order to do this, you should:  
  1. Guess what kind of word the unknown term is: is it a verb, a noun, an adjective, an adverb...?
  2. Think about the intention of the word in the text. Is it a word with positive or negative meaning? 
  3. Try to substitute that word by a word that you may think that can mean the same and check if the sentence makes sense
  • Understand the story as a whole and not try to understand every single word. 
Nevertheless, you will find a glossary of some terms of the story below.  
The story is an adaptation from a very popular ghost story from the American folklore called: "Screaming Jenny".  There you go, I hope you like it... 

Screaming Jenny

"The old storage sheds (1) along the tracks were abandoned shortly after the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad was built, and it wasn't long before the poor people of the area moved in. The sheds provided shelter (2) - of a sort - although the winter wind still pierced through every crevice (3), and the small fireplaces that the poor constructed did little to keep the cold at bay.
A gentle, kindly woman named Jenny lived alone in one of the smaller sheds. She had fallen on hard times, and with no family to protect her, she was forced to find work where she could and take whatever shelter was available to someone with little money. Jenny never had enough to eat and in winter her tiny fire barely kept her alive during the cold months. Still, she kept her spirits up (4) and tried to help other people when they took sick or needed food, sometimes going without herself so that another could eat.
One cold evening in late autumn, Jenny sat shivering over her fire, drinking broth (5) out of a wooden bowl, when a spark flew from the fire and lit her skirts on fire. Intent on filling her aching stomach, Jenny did not notice her flaming clothes until the fire had burnt through the heavy wool of her skirt and began to scorch (6) her skin. Leaping up in terror, Jenny threw her broth over the licking flames but the fluid did nothing to douse (7) the fire. In terror, Jenny fled from the shack (8) and ran along the tracks, screaming for help as the flames engulfed her body.
The station was not far away, and instinctively Jenny made for it, hoping to find someone to help her. Within moments, her body was a glowing inferno and Jenny was overwhelmed by pain. Her screams grew more horrible as her steps slowed. She staggered (9) blindly onto the tracks just west of the station, a ball of fire that barely looked human. In her agony, she did not see the glowing headlight of the train rounding the curve, or hear the screech of the breaks as the engineer spotted her fire-eaten figure and tried to stop. A moment later, her terrible screams broke off as the train mowed her down (10).
Alerted by the whistle, the crew from the station came running as the engineer stopped the train and ran back down the tracks toward poor dead Jenny, who was still burning. The men doused the fire and carried her body back to the station. She was given a pauper's funeral and buried in an unmarked grave in the local churchyard. Within a few days, another poverty-stricken family had moved into her shack, and Jenny was forgotten.
Forgotten that is, until a month later when a train rounding the bend west of the station was confronted by a screaming ball of fire. Too late to stop, the engineer plowed over(11) the glowing figure before he could bring the train to a screeching halt. Leaping from the engine, he ran back down the tracks to search for a mangled, burning body, but there was nothing there. Shaken, he brought his train into the station and reported the incident to the stationmaster. After hearing his tale, the stationmaster remembered poor, dead Jenny and realized that her ghost had returned to haunt (12) the tracks where she had died.
To this day, the phantom of Screaming Jenny still appears on the tracks on the anniversary of the day she died. Many an engineer has rounded the curve just west of the station and found himself face to face with the burning ghost of Screaming Jenny, as once more she makes her deadly run towards the Harpers Ferry station, seeking in vain for someone to save her"

Glossary: 
  1. Shed (n): small house used for storage
  2. Shelter (n,v): refuge(n), to protect (v)
  3. Crevice (n): crack, fissure
  4. To keep spirits up (v): keep happy
  5. Broth (n): kind of soup made with boiled meat
  6. Scorch (v): burn badly
  7. Douse (v): get something wet, to put out a fire
  8. Shack (v): crude building, home.
  9. Stagger (v): walk unsteadily.
  10. Mow down (v): to knock someone over, to hit someone and throw him/her to the floor
  11. Plow over (v): hit
  12. Haunt(v): appear (generally a ghost)
What do you think? Did you like it? let me know if you do... 

Finally, and since we are just a few days away from Halloween,  I am introducing you to some other vocabulary / expressions that you may find interesting: 
  • Creepy (adj): scary. The house where she lives is a very creepy house. All of its windows are tinted.
  • Spooky (adj): scary, sinister. The sight of a little girl standing on the middle of the road at night is a spooky vision for any driver. 
  • To freak out (v): To get angry, scared. When he kneeled down, took out a ring from his pocket and proposed I freaked out. 
  • Give (somebody) the creeps (v expr, slang): To frighten someone or to make someone anxious (creeps)   1. Everytime the neighbour comes to complain about something, she gives me the creeps! 
  • Give (somebody) the shivers / the chill. To frighten someone or to make someone nervous. Your sister is always stressed. Everytime she comes into the room, she gives me the shivers. 
Any other similar expressions you may know? Share them with us by leaving a comment below! Many thanks and have a happy pre-Halloween week! 

 

Wednesday, October 21, 2015

Back to today!

Good morning followers!

Today is a special day and that´s why I decided to write a new entry. Do you know what day is today? Today is October 21st, 2015, the day Marty McFly came from the past. Here you have a very cool video about the event I´m talking about...


Did you enjoy it? As you can see we have no "overboards" just yet and things are not quite the same as you can see in the clip. By the way, the word "overboard" is and adverb. The term however, is used by Marty McFly to designate the "flying skateboard" that you can see in the clip.

And, talking about the future... here I leave you some useful expressions related to "the future" or time travel. I hope you like them!

  • To be / get ahead of one´s time: to be / have some advanced or modern ideas that might not be understood until a future time. Ex: Your sister is very sophisticated. She is very ahead of her time. 
  • To get ahead of oneself: think about future things rather than about what you´re doing now. Ex: Finish your homework and then think about what you are going to watch on tv, don´t get ahead of yourself! 
  • Time will tell: Something will be found out after some time passes. Ex: Will there be overboards in a nearly future? Time will tell. 
  •  To turn back the hands of time: to go back to the past. Ex: If I could turn back the hands of time, I wouldn´t have got that job.  
Bye for now, and happy day of the future! 

Friday, October 16, 2015

Enthusiasm wins the game!

I guess everyone reading this has been to a job interview at some point in his/her life. What was it like? Did they ask you typical interview questions?
Well, you will be glad to know that some job interviews may not consist of tedious and already expected questions. Job interviews may be very different  and even awkward with the aim of seeing what the reaction of the candidates is like. That´s what precisely happened at Heineken in an interview process for a position as an event and sponsorship internship. The interview process was far from being normal... Have a look at how it went...

 


Now, let´s have a look at some of the vocabulary and expressions used in the video concerning the area of job interviews.
  • "Your biggest weakness". The interviewer asks one of the candidates for his biggest weakness. This is a typical question of a typical interview. Your biggest weakness is the area of your life you think you need to improve/ work more on.For example, someone´s weakness may be getting on time to meetings, or keeping his desk organized. Both candidates in the video select the adjective "stubborn" to answer this question.
  • "To hire someone", this expression means to give someone a job, to offer someone a position in a company.
  • "Kick Off" Phase. The "Kick off" phase is the starting point. In this case, the term is used not only to introduce the first stage of the interview process but also because it is a term that is normally used in sports.
Finally, towards the end of the video, the interviewer gives a choice to the candidates. They need to choose between "fire and passion" or "cold and calculated". Only the candidates who answered: "fire and passion" answered correctly. What adjectives could we use to describe someone who prefers "fire and passion" over "cold and calculated"? The answer to this question may be: passionate, enthusiastic, ardent, driven or determined. By the way, at the end, the candidate who proves to be more enthusiastic is the one who gets the job.

What other adjectives could we use to describe someone´s personality at a job interview? Many of these adjectives are compound adjectives. These are adjectives made up of two words and linked by hyphens. The stress on these adjectives always go on the second word.  Here you have a brief list including both positive and negative adjectives:

+
Open-minded: Someone who considers ideas and opinions that are new or different to his/her own.
Strong-willed: Someone who is determined to behave in a particular way, even if other people disagrees with him/her.
Well-balanced: Someone who is stable, responsible, with sensible ideas.
Good-tempered: Someone who doesn´t get angry and annoyed easily.
Easy-going: Someone who does not easily get annoyed or worried
Laid-back: Someone who is not easily worried about other people´s behaviour or things that need to be done.
Self-centred: Someone who is only interested in himself/herself and activities in which he/she is involved.
Level-headed: Someone who is calm and able to make sensible decisions in difficult situations.
Self-assured: Someone who has confidence in his/her own abilities.
-
Absent-minded: Someone who often forgets things or does not pay enough attention to what is happening around him/her.
Narrow-minded: Someone who does not accept ideas or ways of behaving that are different from his/her own.
Big-headed: Someone who thinks that he/she is more clever or important than what he/she really is
Bad-tempered: Someone who becomes angry or annoyed easily.

That´s all for now. I wish you the best of luck for your future interviews and happy weekend!




Friday, October 09, 2015

I do! did I?


I do! 

That´s the answer everyone is expecting from a bride and a groom as they are about to get married. But, what does this use of the auxilary mean?
Have a look at the following scene from a very popular film where "I do" is used and the auxiliary becomes a powerful language tool. 

 

Here you have the lyrics from the video: 


PRIEST: Donna, do I take the wedding is cancelled…?

DONNA:I´m not… entirely sure what´s happening right now 

SAM: Hang on! Why waste a good wedding? How about a certain…? You are going to need someone to boss around in this island of yours. 

DONNA:Are you nuts? I am not a bigamist
 
SAM:Neither am I. I am a divorced man who´s loved you for twenty one years and ever since the day I set foot on this island I´ve been trying to tell you how much I love you. Come on Donna, It´s only the rest of your life!

SAM:I can't conceal it. Don't you see? Can't you feel it? 

GIRLS (Pause): Say I do, I do, I do, I do, I do (1)

SAM: Donna, please show it. You love me, and you know it. 

GIRLS: Say I do? 

DONNA (Pause): I do, I do, I do, I do, I do: (2)




Now, what does the "I do" mean in this video? The right answer is that it is just substituing a whole statement: "I love you". You should also notice that there is another auxiliar being used by Sam: "neither am I" in order to express agreement with Donna´s previous statement. These two different uses of the auxiliaries show two different ways in which auxiliaries can be used to perform functions other than offering support to the main verb. However, there are some more. Have a look at the following list: 
  1. To avoid repetition. I love watching romantic comedies but my girlfriend doesn´t
2. To say that someone or something is the same with the use of SO and Neither. I enjoy riding a horse. So do I.  I dont enjoy scary films. Neither do
3.  To say that someone or something is different. My sister studies at University. I don´t
4. To show interest or surprise. I go diving every summer. Do you? 
5. To show emphasis. I thought you did not like dogs. I DO love dogs. 
6. To make question tags. (seeking for agreement, confirmation or questioning). It´s a nice day, isn´t it?

Now, which of these functions does the "I do" from weddings perform? Well, if you have answered number 1, you are right. When the priest asks the bride and groom: do you take this man/woman to be your husband/wife?, the bride and groom are expected to answer "I do" in order to avoid repetition of the previous sentence. 
Finally, a brief note about some of the terms from the lyrics that you may find more difficult to understand (in bold):
  • Boss around:  to give orders to someone in an unfriendly way.
  • Be nuts (slang):  to be crazy
  • Bigamist (adj): someone who is married to more than one person
  • Set foot on (somewhere):  To arrive at a place
  • Conceal: hide some information or knowledge 
Now, you like my blog. Don´t you? I hope you say: "I do!" 

Have a lovely weekend! 

Sunday, October 04, 2015

The one where it all begins

Welcome to the first entry of my ESL (English as a Second Language) blog.

First, I will introduce myself. I am a teacher of English at an Official School of Languages who loves travelling, cinema and tv series, skiing and spending time with friends and family. 
My aim with the creation of this blog is to introduce and discuss some grammar and vocabulary topics in order to offer support to my students and to all of those who, not being my students, are interested in learning or consolidating their English.
I really hope you enjoy it and please feel free to leave a comment if you please.

And now, let's go with the first topic...

- Who are you? - Can you tell me who you are? 

What's the difference between those two questions? As you have probably  guessed, the second question is an indirect question. Let's have a look at the differences:

When we ask a question in English, we invert the order of the verb/auxiliary and the subject. An example would be:
- Do you have any milk?
However, we can also ask this question as an indirect question in order to sound more polite or more formal. In order to do this, there are some rules we need to follow:

1. Firstly, the question elements must be kept in the same order than in an affirmative sentence. Let´s have a look at the above example as an indirect question:
- I wonder if you have any milk.
2. The indirect question is introduced by a construction with can or could like "can you tell me" or "could I know" or by some of the following expressions: "I'm not sure", "I can't remember", "I want to know" or  "Do you have any idea".
- Can you tell me if you have any milk?
3. We may also have to introduce some new elements like "if" or "whether","why", "what" or "how" in order to introduce the indirect question.
-Can I know how much milk you have got?
4. The operator "do" or "did" disappears in the indirect question.
- Did you have any homework? vs - Can you tell me if you have any homework?

Let´s look at some more examples of these by looking at this clip from the "Friends" very first episode: "the one where it all began". Sorry about the poor quality of the clip.



The first question that is asked in the video is: "Can I get you some coffee?", if we want to formulate this question as an indirect question, the result could be: "I wonder if I can get you some coffee". As you see, the modal verb can and the subject I which were inverted in the direct question are placed in the "normal" positions in the indirect question .
Let´s have a look at the rest of the questions asked in the clip: 
- Monica: So, do you wanna (want to) tell us now or are we waiting for four wed (wedding) bridemaids? 
How could we turn this double cuestion into a double indirect question? The answer could be: "So, we wonder if you want to tell us now or if we are waiting for four wed bridemaids". A little bit later on in the clip, Rachel makes an indirect question herself. Can you identify the indirect question? Yes, the answer is: "I started wondering why I am doing this and who I am doing this for".

I would like to finish this first post by discussing some of the vocabulary terms used in the clip.
Rachel uses the following terms:
 -"turned on", (turn on):  phrasal verb that meaning "sexually attracted". Example: Uniforms turn me on every time!
- "freaked out" (freak out): adjective which means scared, frightened. Example: I was freaked out by her strange behaviour
- "drifted apart" (drift apart):  phrasal verb that means "to lose contact gradually". Example: He moved to China and time and distance ended up drifting us apart

That's all for now. Thank you for reading my first post. I hope you have enjoyed it and I wish you all a lovely week!